Thermodynamics Formula Sheet
PV Diagram
Carnot Cycle Diagram
Key Thermodynamics Formulas
First Law of Thermodynamics:
Change in Internal Energy (U) = Heat Added (Q) - Work Done (W)
U = Q - W
Work Done in Isothermal Expansion:
W = n * R * T * ln(Vf / Vi)
Work Done in Adiabatic Process:
W = (Pi * Vi - Pf * Vf) / (gamma - 1)
Carnot Cycle Efficiency:
Efficiency (eta) = 1 - (Tc / Th)
Entropy Change (Reversible Process):
S = Q / T